What Causes a Micro Penis?

Micropenis is generally thought to be caused by insufficient testosterone levels, a male sex hormone. It may be caused by a genetic condition that makes a boy more susceptible to it, or certain environmental factors may trigger it. In any case, it is vital to understand the causes of Micropenis to avoid it or even cure it. Below are some factors you should be aware of.

Normal scrotum

Inconspicuous penis can result from various conditions, including congenital and secondary problems. Micropenis is often secondary to an inborn error of metabolism or a congenital disorder like penoscrotal webbing. While medical treatment can support penis growth, surgical options are limited. A medical team for Micropenis might include a paediatrician, urologist, geneticist, psychologist, and endocrinologist.

Hypogonadism

Micropenis syndrome is caused by a lack of hormone production in the hypothalamus. Males born with this condition usually have an abnormally small penis, undescended testes, and lack secondary sex characteristics such as facial hair. In females, hypogonadism does not affect the monthly menstrual cycle. Infertility may occur.

Genetic abnormalities

A clinical test for Micropenis may reveal a molecular genetic defect in the androgen pathway. This abnormality typically affects the AR or 5aR genes and may also be associated with gene defects affecting the maintenance or determination of the testis. A physician must evaluate several factors to determine whether genetic abnormalities cause Micropenis. Some of these tests include the determination of FSH, AMH, and InhB.

Insufficient androgen during fetal development

Low androgen during fetal life is associated with cryptorchidism and undervirilisation. The testis is normally active and secretes androgen and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH). However, during the second half of fetal life, the hypothalamic-pituitary axis takes over the secretion of these hormones. Leydig cells secrete androgen and other hormones, including INSL3, which regulates the growth and descent of the testis.

Treatment options

Whether you have a child with Micropenis or are a parent of a child with this condition, there are many different treatment options. Treatments for Micropenis depend on the underlying cause of your child's condition. In some cases, a child may need some hormonal therapy to increase the size of his penis. Other times, surgery may be the only option. However, the chances of successfully treating your child's Micropenis are greatly increased if treatment is started early.